PHWR Public Health Weekly Report

Vol.13 No.2, January 09, 2020 Article TypeEpidemiology and SurveillanceNoncommunicable Disease Statistics

• Epidemiology and Surveillance 2020-01-09

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  Results of tuberculosis contact investigation in a workplace

  Kim Ye-jin, Park Ji-eun, Kim Young-man, Park Young-joon

  Public Health Weekly Report 2020; 13(2): 64-70

  

  

  Abstract

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  Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). TB is spread from one person to another through the air. The degree of transmission of TB is known to be dependent upon frequency, distance, and duration of contact with TB patients. In February, 2019, an employee was reported as a tuberculosis patient (i.e., index case) and contact investigations were conducted on all 53 employees according to the National Tuberculosis Control Programme. As a result, an additional 5 cases were classified as TB patients, and 17 cases were diagnosed as latent TB infection (LTBI). The additional TB patients worked on the same floor as the index case. Furthermore, TB genotyping could not be analyzed by the TB culture test of additional patients.

• Epidemiology and Surveillance 2020-01-09

  0 155 33

  Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from foreigners among the contact investigations in Korea, 2017-2018

  Ha Jee Min, Yoo Jae Il, Kim Dong Hyeok, Hwang Kyu Jam

  Public Health Weekly Report 2020; 13(2): 71-76

  

  

  Abstract

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  In South Korea, the number of local tuberculosis (TB) patients has continued to decline, whereas the proportion of foreign TB patients has been on the rise. This epidemiology study aimed to explore the characteristics of genotypes and transmission routes of TB isolates in foreign patients. This study genotyped a total of 3,253 mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from congregate facilities, such as schools, companies, and hospitals etc., with conventional contact investigations from 2017 to 2018. TB genotyping was performed with using spoligotyping and 24-loci Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Unit-Variable Number Tandem Repeat (MIRU-VNTR). TB isolates from foreign patients were 141 and 92.2% of isolates were belong to 14 countries with high TB incidence. The distribution of the lineage of TB strains from foreigners were different from regions and countries. And clustering rate of TB isolates from foreigners (23.4%) was lower than that of Korean (55.3%). In conclusion, reactivaton of latent TB infection seems to be a major risk factor for foregin active TB cases rather than recent transmission. The need to expand the analyzing group from contact investigatin setting to entire TB patients in Korea and employ the newer molecular technique such as whole genome sequence is advocated.

• Epidemiology and Surveillance 2020-01-09

  0 236 33

  Key Findings of the Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) Survey from 2006 to 2018

  Yoon Hajung, Park soojung, An juyeon, Lee yeonkyeng

  Public Health Weekly Report 2020; 13(2): 77-90

  

  

  Abstract

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  In 2008, in cooperation with the Korean National Fire Agency (NFA), the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) launched the ‘Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) Survey’ to measure the incidence and survival rate of SCAs. Subsequently, the KCDC published annual SCA statistics. This report found that from 2006 to 2018 there were, on average, 30,000 cases of SCAs per year. This report’s findings further indicated that the standardized incidence (per 100,000 people) increased from 39.3 in 2006 to 39.7 in 2018; the survival of SCA patients increased 3.7 fold from 2.3% in 2006 to 8.6% in 2018; the neurological recovery rate increased 8.5 fold from 0.6% in 2006 to 5.1% in 2018; and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rates and the rate of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) before hospital arrival, two indices closely related to survival rates, increased. Lastly, this report found that the annual SCA survey highlighted both positive and negative aspects of the current status of SCA in Korea. On the positive side, there was a nationwide improvement in SCA survival, and on the negative side, regional disparity widened. Consequently, the aim of this report was to promote local community-based activities for the improved survival of SCA patients.

• Noncommunicable Disease Statistics 2020-01-09

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  International comparison of alcohol consumption among OECD member countries, 2008-2017

  Public Health Weekly Report 2020; 13(2): 91-92

  

  

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