PHWR Public Health Weekly Report

Vol.15 No.31, August 04, 2022 Article TypeEpidemiology and SurveillanceNoncommunicable Disease StatisticsOriginal Articles

• Epidemiology and Surveillance 2022-08-04

  0 260 102

  Human infection cases of avian influenza: A global surveillance report

  Chungmin Park, Seon-Young Lee, Sangwoo Tak, Inho Kim

  Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15(31): 2198-2205

  

  

  Abstract

  Full Text Cite Share

  There have been sporadic outbreaks of avian influenza (AI) human infection around the world. A total of 132 cases (22 deaths) were reported from January 1, 2018 to April 20, 2022. The number of cases increased from 13 and 11 cases reported in 2018 and 2019 respectively to 22 and 72 in 2020 and 2021 respectively, and another 15 cases were added in May, 2022. The highly pathogenic H5N1 subtype, which have a high fatality rate of 52.8% out of 860 deaths before 2018, rarely occurred in 2018. However, 39 cases of H5N6 AI human infections which was first reported in China in 2014 occurred in 2021, and H9N2 increased by 10 from 16 in 2020 to 26 in 2021.
  So far, no cases of AI human infection have been reported in the Republic of Korea, but the risk of sporadic outbreaks of AI in domestic wild birds and poultry, and the influx of viruses from overseas such as migratory birds continues. In order to mitigate the risk of AI human infection, wild bird monitoring as vector surveillance should continue. Preventive measures for human infection such as preventive antiviral intake when exposed to viruses by farms and raw poultry markets (isolation, cleaning and disinfection) should be in place as well.

• Epidemiology and Surveillance 2022-08-04

  0 69 93

  Evaluation of the long-term Effects Field Management Training Program of Chronic Disease Control and Community Health Survey, 2018-2020

  No Yai Park, Da-Hye Kim, Seon Kui Lee

  Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15(31): 2206-2222

  

  

  Abstract

  Full Text Cite Share

  The ‘Field Management Training Program of Chronic Disease Control and Community Health Survey’ has started year of 2008.
  As a part of training we conducted continuous long term (3 years) training evaluation in order to analyze level of knowledge, attitude and practical skill in those who completed training program from 2018-2020. In order to find out the effectiveness of training and also find out the influential factor of the knowledge, attitude and practical skills. To strengthening the future training program, data were collected, from 429 out of 549 who completed 2018-2020. They got the score of 69.39±10.86 in knowledge, 79.02±6.67 in attitude, and 74.36±10.85 in practical skills. There were no significant difference every year in all three area.
  The score were converted to 0-100 points and divided into three groups, having <60 (low), 60 to 80 (middle), 80 to 100 (high). The middle group occupied the most in all three area with 64.6% in knowledge, 52.0% in attitude and 69.5% in practical skills.
  The factors affecting the higher practical skill were found to be the longer employment period at the public health center (β=0.168, p=0.025), the stronger desire for the reinforcement training (β=0.093, p=0.042), the shorter post training period (β=-0.102, p=0.026), the higher knowledge score (β=0.145, p=0.002) and the positive attitude score (β=0.283, p<0.001). Especially, the attitude score was the most important factor based on the effect size and the statistical significance in both overall and year-by-year analysis.
  The findings suggest that it is necessary to extend the training for data analysis time and provide the various experiences of the practical experience. There should also be the post-refresh training management and the reinforcement course regularly.

• Original Articles 2022-08-04

  0 76 77

  Risk factors and solutions for smoking cessation attempt rates: A comparative study between Dongdaemun-gu and Gwangjin-gu

  Jinhyeong Kim, Junghee Cho, Hyeongsu Kim, Kun Sei Lee, Ho Jin Jeong, Ham Hyung-hee, Choi Ji-hae, Ah Hyun Park, Jin Beom Park, Seo Hyun Yu, Da-Hye Kim, Seon Kui Lee

  Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15(31): 2223-2236

  

  

  Abstract

  Full Text Cite Share

  The purpose of this study was to identify the cause of the disparity in the smoking cessation attempt rate between Dongdaemun-gu and Gwangjin-gu in Seoul, and to develop a solution to raise the smoking cessation attempt rate.
  In the first year of this three-year study, based on World Health Organization (WHO) Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) model, this study analyzed various data to identify the factors related to the gap in the smoking cessation attempt rate between Dongdaemun-gu and Gwangjin-gu. In the second year, an intervention model was developed in consideration of additional cause identification, cause verification, and regional characteristics. Finally, in the third year, a strategy for resolving the gap in the smoking cessation attempt rate that can be broadly applied in Seoul through the application and evaluation of the intervention model was developed.
  For the intervention strategy, a socio-behavioral model was applied according to the characteristics of each project based on a change in perception of smoking cessation and the creation of a smoke-free environment to encourage smoking cessation attempts. According to the characteristics of each project, multi-level approaches at the individual and inter-individual, organizational and community level approaches were implemented simultaneously. At the individual level, the project was promoted to connect medical institutions for smoking cessation targeting individuals who were undergoing medical examinations. The individual and inter-individual level approach was linked with smoking prevention education in daycare centers and kindergartens to implement the project to create a smoke-free home. At each individual, inter-individual, organizational, and community level approach, the project was implemented to prevent the harmful effects of second-hand smoke in apartments and traditional markets. There was a total of 67 participants in the intervention program, of which 46 were enrolled in a smoking cessation clinic, and 10 were successful in having quit smoking for 3 months.
  To improve the smoking cessation attempt rate, it was necessary to change the perception of smokers and to create a smoke-free environment. Also, it was necessary to establish a smoking cessation support system. Based on the intervention projects, it was confirmed that smoking cessation clinics at public health centers play a vital role as smoking cessation support systems. Above all, it was deemed necessary to promote smokers' willingness to quit smoking and improve awareness to enhance the smoking cessation attempt rate. In summation, this study concluded that if an intervention project is carried out in consideration of the characteristics of each region, it is expected that it will increase the smoking cessation attempt rate by establishing a smoking cessation support system and encouraging individuals to quit smoking.

• Noncommunicable Disease Statistics 2022-08-04

  0 26 13

  Occurrence of drowning accident

  Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15(31): 2237-2240

  

  

  Full Text Cite Share