PHWR Public Health Weekly Report

Vol.15 No.33, August 18, 2022 Article TypeEpidemiology and SurveillanceNoncommunicable Disease Statistics

• Epidemiology and Surveillance 2022-08-18

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  The characteristics of domestic imported cases and the occurrence statues of global dengue outbreak

  Hyesu Kan, Sodam Lee, Hojin Nam, Nari Shin, Kyungwon Hwang

  Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15(33): 2344-2353

  

  

  Abstract

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  Global incidence of dengue fever has grown dramatically during the last two decades. In particular, as the incidence of dengue fever increases rapidly around the world in 2022, the imported cases into our country is also increasing recently. Based on the background, this report describes the characteristics of domestic imported cases and the current statues of dengue outbreak in major overseas countries, in order to be on the alert of the increasing situation of dengue cases.
  According to the national surveillance data, 17 of dengue fever cases were reported in this year (as of the 30th week of 2022), most of which were identified to have been imported from Vietnam or India. From analysis results for the last 6 years, a total of 666 patients with dengue fever were reported, with males in their 20s-50s accounting for the largest proportion at 64.7%. The cases were imported from a total of 31 countries, of which 98% were in Asia, including 187 in the Philippines (28.1%), 133 in Vietnam (20.0%), and 96 in Thailand (14.4%) et al.
  Over the world, the largest number of dengue cases reported in 2019, and then it seemingly decreased during the years 2020 and 2021. However, dengue outbreaks are occurring in many countries again in 2022, which representative examples are shown in Brazil, which increased by 195% compared to 2021, Vietnam by 188%, the Philippines by 90%, Thailand by 149% and Laos by 1,210%.
  With the global dengue outbreaks, a rapid increase in the number of overseas travelers in Korea could accelerate the importation of dengue cases from epidemic countries into our country. Hence, it is necessary to continuously monitor the occurrence status of overseas dengue fever. In addition, overseas travelers visiting dengue-epidemic countries should follow precautions to avoid mosquito bites, and if the symptoms develop after returning home, they should visit a medical institution promptly for treatment

• Epidemiology and Surveillance 2022-08-18

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  Characteristics of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in the Republic of Korea, 2021

  Hyoseon Jeong, Junghee Hyun, Yeonkyeng Lee

  Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15(33): 2354-2363

  

  

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  Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) belong to Korea’s national infectious diseases (Category Ⅱ). CRE are Enterobacteriaceae that are resistant to any carbapenem antimicrobial, and have been reported by mandatory surveillance systems since June 2017. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of CRE in 2021 by case (as per sex, age group, medical institution type), species, and carbapenemase genotype.
  In 2021, a total of 23,311 cases of CRE were reported from 1,067 medical institutions. The number of cases and medical institutions increased each year from 2019 to 2021. Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE), known to affect the spread of CRE, accounted for 63.4% (14,769 cases). 81.1% (18,894 cases) were reported in cases over the age of 60, and 10.2% (2,383 cases) were reported from long-term care hospitals. Among the CRE species, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common (68.6%), followed by Escherichia coli (14.3%). As for carbapenemase genotype of CPE, KPC (Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase) accounted for 76.2% (10,914 cases), followed by NDM (New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase) with 19.7% (2,822 cases). More than half of CPE were found in metropolitan areas, and the regional distribution of CPE was different for each carbapenemase genotype.
  This study showed that, to contain the spread of CRE in Korea, characteristics of CRE and regional distribution of CPE need to be considered. In addition to the national program of strengthening infection control systems, local governments and medical institutions also need to continue multifaceted efforts such as monitoring, transmission blocking, education, and infection control.

• Epidemiology and Surveillance 2022-08-18

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  HIV/AIDS notifications in the Republic of Korea, 2021

  Koun Kim, Yoon Hee Jung, Yeonju Kim, Ho Yong Choi

  Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15(33): 2364-2369

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  The major results of the HIV/AIDS cases reported in 2021 are described in this paper, based on the ‘2021 HIV/AIDS Annual Report’ published in June 2022.
  Newly detected HIV infection was reported as 975 cases in the Republic of Korea in 2021. Among them, 773 cases (79.3%) were Koreans and 202 cases (20.7%) were foreigners. About 92.0% of all cases (897 cases) were men and 8.0% (78 cases) were women. The proportion of newly detected HIV cases among the 20-49 year old age group was 81.3%: the 20-29 year old age group was 36.1% (352 cases), the 30-39 year old group was 30.1% (293 cases), and the 40-49 year old group was 15.2% (148 cases). In terms of detection facility, 712 cases (73.0%) were detected in clinics or hospitals and 157 cases (16.1%) were detected in public health centers. The most common reason to take HIV test was to confirm the cause of illness (184 cases, 25.3%). Almost all of the cases (99.8%, 532 cases) answered that their route of transmission was a sexual contact.
  Findings further indicated that new HIV infected cases in 2021 decreased by 20.3% compared to the number of cases in 2019. Report of new HIV cases from public health centers was significantly decreased in 2021 by 57.2% compared to that in 2019. During COVID-19, most of the public health centers had to stop their HIV testing reassigning their manpower to cope with COVID-19 epidemic in the community. Deterioration of the HIV service in most of the public health centers might have resulted in the decrease of HIV detection in the public health centers.

• Noncommunicable Disease Statistics 2022-08-18

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  Trends in prevalence of perceived health status among adults, 2010-2020

  Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15(33): 2370-2371

  

  

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