PHWR Public Health Weekly Report

Vol.17 No.46, November 28, 2024 Article TypePolicy NotesQuickStatsReview & PerspectiveSurveillance Reports

• Surveillance Reports 2024-11-28

  0 226 57

  2021 Community-based Severe Trauma Incidence Status

  Minji Lee , Jungeun Lee , Woncho Bae *, Eunhee Jeon *

  Public Health Weekly Report 2024; 17(46): 1971-1987 https://doi.org/10.56786/PHWR.2024.17.46.1

  

  

  Abstract

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  The community-based severe trauma investigation system aims to identify the epidemiological characteristics of severe injuries, multiple accidents, emergency medical responses, and treatment outcomes. With a pilot survey in 2016, it has been approved and conducted as a national statistic since 2019 to produce regional injury-related statistics and establish a national injury prevention and monitoring system in the community. The survey was conducted on patients with severe trauma, non-traumatic severe injury, and multiple casualties transferred by 119 paramedics; of these, 8,052 patients had severe trauma in 2021, more than twice as many male (5,844) as female (2,208). The median age of the patients with severe trauma was 57 years, accounting for 65.0% of the group aged 15 to 64 years. In terms of the incidence rates by province, Jeonnam had the highest rate at 32.1 per 100,000, whereas Seoul had the lowest rate at 8.5 per 100,000. Regarding the mechanisms of injury, transportation accidents accounted for the highest proportion at 52.1% in 2021, followed by falls and slips at 40.5%. The fatality rate (deaths) was 56.6% in 2021, showing a decrease from 65.5% in 2015 to 52.2% in 2019 before increasing again in 2020. The rate of severe disabilities showed a decreasing trend at 26.0% in 2021, but began to increase from 2019 onwards. The disability rate is 67.2%, marking an increase of 4.4 percentage points compared to the previous year. The community-based severe trauma registry can provide evidence-based data for use as foundational information in formulating community injury prevention strategies.

• Review & Perspective 2024-11-28

  0 191 17

  Laboratory Diagnosis of Omsk Hemorrhagic Fever Virus and Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus

  Gyuri Sim , Seung Hun Lee , Hwajung Yi , Yoon-Seok Chung *

  Public Health Weekly Report 2024; 17(46): 1988-2000 https://doi.org/10.56786/PHWR.2024.17.46.2

  Abstract

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  The Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus and Kyasanur Forest disease virus, which belong to the genus Orthoflavivirus in the family Flaviviridae, are tick-borne viruses. These viruses, which were previously endemic to certain countries and regions, are now at increasing risk of spreading to new areas owing to global climate change and increased human mobility. Despite advances in real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and serological assays, there are challenges in distinguishing these viruses from other tick-borne flavivirus infections. There is still a need for accurate and rapid point-of-care diagnostics, especially in diverse climatic conditions and medical-resource-limited settings. In this study, we described the diagnostic methods used to prevent the spread of these viruses to new regions.

• Policy Notes 2024-11-28

  2 491 77

  The 2nd National Action Plan on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control (2024–2028)

  Sungnam Kim , Eunyoung Kim , Jeonghee Yu *

  Public Health Weekly Report 2024; 17(46): 2001-2010 https://doi.org/10.56786/PHWR.2024.17.46.3

  

  

  Abstract

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  To achieve the global goal of ending the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic by 2030, the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency has been promoting a five-year national action plan for AIDS prevention and control since 2019. After the end of the 1st National Action Plan on human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV)/AIDS Prevention and Control (2019–2023) implementation, the 2 nd National Action Plan on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control (2024–2028) was announced on March 28, 2024, to be implemented from 2024. This paper aims to introduce the main contents of the national action plan. The 2nd National Action Plan advocates the vision of “towards zero new infections, zero deaths, and zero discrimination” and sets the goal of “reducing new infections by 50% by 2030 compared to 2023.” The 2nd National Action Plan includes 15 core tasks and 45 detailed tasks under five major promotion strategies: (1) preventing new infection, (2) active case finding, (3) rapid and sustained treatment, (4) assuring the right to health, and (5) establishing foundations for control. The contents such as preventing new infections, early diagnosis, supporting people living with HIV, and improving awareness, which were lacking in the 1st National Action Plan, were strengthened. The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency will actively promote the 45 detailed tasks of the 2nd National Action Plan, join the international efforts to end AIDS, and strive to reduce new infections by 50% by 2030 compared to 2023.

• Policy Notes 2024-11-28

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  Introduction to the Approval System for Research and Developmental Experiments with Living Modified Organisms

  Min-Ah Lee , Yoonju Shin , Jeonghwa Shin , Tae Jong Son *

  Public Health Weekly Report 2024; 17(46): 2011-2016 https://doi.org/10.56786/PHWR.2024.17.46.4

  Abstract

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  In November 2023, the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency ( KDCA) revised the “ Public Notice on the Transboundary Movement, etc. of Living Modified Organisms Act” to improve the national approval system for the research and development of living modified organisms. This revision included the addition of neomycin and spectinomycin resistance genes to the list of drug-resistance genes exempt from national approval and allowed the submission of either electronic documents or paper documents for approval applications. These changes are expected to reduce the administrative burden on researchers, and enhance research efficiency. The KDCA plans to continue regulatory improvements to ensure biosafety and promote research activities.

• QuickStats 2024-11-28

  0 182 27

  Trends in the Prevalence of Perceived Stress among Korean Adolescents, 2014–2023

  Public Health Weekly Report 2024; 17(46): 2017-2018 https://doi.org/10.56786/PHWR.2024.17.46.5

  

  

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