PHWR Public Health Weekly Report

Vol.14 No.51, December 16, 2021 Article TypeCOVID-19 Special ReportEpidemiology and Surveillance

• COVID-19 Special Report 2021-12-16

  0 157 73

  Analysis of testing results on temporary testing stations for COVID-19 in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, 2020-2021

  Hyun Jeong Lee, Ok Kyu Park, Jae Sun Park, Deok Bum Park, Min-Goo Seo, Hwon Kim, Gab Jung Kim, Bong Gu Song, Sang Oun Jung, Jeong Gu Nam

  Public Health Weekly Report 2021; 14(51): 3610-3613

  

  

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• Epidemiology and Surveillance 2021-12-16

  0 153 130

  Analysis of the genotypic characteristics of multidrug-/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in 2020 in Korea

  Young Mi, Kim, Jeong Seob Lee, Dong Hyeok Kim, Junyoung Kim, Jae Il Yoo, Seung-Eun Song

  Public Health Weekly Report 2021; 14(51): 3616-3623

  

  

  Abstract

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  Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can reduce the incidence of tuberculosis. However, multidrug-/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) has become a threat to TB control due to the limitation of drug selection for treatment and a longer period of treatment with poor outcomes. A further limitation is the molecular characteristics of MTB, which may differ depending on the population level and sociodemographic factors.
  This study analyzed the epidemiological information and molecular characteristics of 84 MDR/RR-TB samples collected through a TB contact investigation in 2020. As a result of analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of MDR/RR-TB and drug-sensitive TB patients, findings indicated that there was no distribution difference of sex, age, or affiliated institution. Among the proportion of patients with foreign nationality, it was confirmed that MDR/RR-TB (12.6%) accounted for a higher than drug-sensitive TB (5.6%). As a result of analyzing spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotyping) using the SITVIT database to confirm the MTB lineage, MDR/RR-TB was divided into East-Asian (Beijing) (88.5%) and Euro-American (11.5%) strains. The East-Asian (Beijing) lineage was subdivided into three groups through wgMLST analysis and MDR/RR-TB was classified as a total of four different groups along with Euro-American strains. In addition, as a result of analyzing the epidemic status of MDR/RR-TB by applying the wgSNPs analysis, it was revealed that there was no large-scale epidemic of TB by the genomic cluster except for in two cases.
  We plan to expand the establishment of MTB genotyping service for MDR/RR-TB and continue to provide molecular epidemiological information for the management of TB outbreaks.

• Epidemiology and Surveillance 2021-12-16

  0 263 102

  Characterization of F. tularensis and laboratory diagnosis

  Gyu-Lee Kim, So-Hyeon Kim, Jun-Ho Jeon, Gi-eun Rhie

  Public Health Weekly Report 2021; 14(51): 3624-3629

  

  

  Abstract

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  Francisella tularensis is a non-motile, facultative, tiny, and gram-negative bacterium that causes tularemia, a potentially fatal disease if untreated. Humans can be accidentally infected through infected vectors (tick, deer flies), animal hosts (rabbits, squirrels, rodents), or contaminated environments (water, soil). Tularemia has been reported sporadically as an endemic disease in the Northern Hemisphere such as America, Europe and Asia including one case in the Republic of Korea. Thus, it is important to obtain the necessary diagnostic test capacity to identify infected patients, to prevent additional imported infections and to enable patients to get rapid treatment.

• Epidemiology and Surveillance 2021-12-16

  0 469 191

  Incidences of Sudden Cardiac Arrest in the Republic of Korea, 2020

  Sanghui Kweon

  Public Health Weekly Report 2021; 14(51): 3630-3641

  

  

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  The Korea Sudden Cardiac Arrest Survey has been conducted annually, which could support to make and evaluate policy for the prevention and treatment of sudden cardiac arrest. Based on the first aid activity log of 2020, 31,652 cases of out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest occurred in the Republic of Korea. The rate of sudden cardiac arrest in men was 64.0%, and 52.5% of the cases were among individuals 70 years of age and over. There were 7,282 cases in Gyeonggi, which the highest number among cities and provinces, followed by Seoul (4,387 cases), Gyeongnam (2,350 cases), and Gyeongbuk (2,257 cases). The survival rate and brain function recovery rate were 7.5 % and 4.9 %, respectively. Despite the continued increase since 2006, the survival rate and brain function recovery rate of 2020 were lower than those of 2019, which could be affected by the pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019. The rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation by bystander had been also increased, the higher survival rate was obeserved in cases with cardiopulmonary resuscitation by bystanders. It could be a useful evidence that cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed on patients experiencing sudden cardiac arrest.