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Public Health Weekly Report 2020; 13(17): 1116-1129

Published online April 23, 2020

© The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency

The Malaria Situation and the Results of the Project to Eliminate Malaria, 2019

Kwon Jeong Ran, Jeon Byoung-Hak, Park Kyeongeun, Park Sookkyung, Kim Miyoung, Cho Eun Hee, Lee Hee-Il, Lee Sang-Eun

Division of Control for Zoonotic and vector borne Diseases, Center of Infectious Diseases Control, KCDC; Division of VPD control &NIP, Center of Infectious Diseases Control, KCDC; Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, KCDC

*교신저자 : km1209@korea.kr, 043-719-7160

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Sections

This paper is a report on the current status of malaria and the results of the “Malaria Re-Elimination Five-Year Action Plan(2019-2023)” developed and implemented in 2019.
Of the 559 malaria confirmed cases reported in 2019, a total of 485(86.8%) were indigenous cases, 74(13.2%) were imported cases. which accounted for 93%(520) of all patients occurring between May and October, 2019. Among the indigenous cases, persumptive infected region were investigated from Gyeonggi province 314(64.7%), Incheon province 98(20.2%), Gangwon Province 25(5.2%) and 48(9.9%) was unknown.
226 persons(46.6%) was aged 20s to 30s; 389(80.2%) were male, 96(19.8%) were female. Of them, 364 cases(75.1%) were civilians and 70 cases(14.4%) were soldiers serving near the demilitarized zone(DMZ), others 51 cases(10.2%) were veterans.
The main goals in 2019 under the five-year plan to eliminate malaria were to add diagnostic criteria for rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases, strengthen patient management by changing the amount of therapeutic agents per weight, and monitor the media through the expansion of each vector control and surveillance and protozoal infection rate. In addition, to expand research and development, the goal was to strengthen control, develop a discrimination diagnosis method for patients with recurrence and long-term incubation period, and conduct research on drug treatment monitoring for patients with malaria. Furthermore, as a result of the project, education and R&D were expanded to strengthen the medical-military cooperation system.

Key words Malaria, Elimination, Indigenous case, Import case, Patient management, Vector control and surveillance

Sections
Table 1.

General characteristics of confirmed cases by case classification

CategoryTotalIndigenous caseImported case
n%n%n%
Gender
Male444(79.4)389(80.2)55(74.3)
Female115(20.6)96(19.8)19(25.7)
Age (years)
< 2031(5.5)28(5.8)3(4.1)
20-29169(30.2)155(32.0)14(18.9)
30-3992(16.5)71(14.6)21(28.4)
40-4997(17.4)82(16.9)15(20.3)
50-5984(15.0)69(14.2)15(20.3)
60-6952(9.3)46(9.5)6(8.0)
≥ 7034(6.1)34(7.0)0(0.0)
At risk groups
Civilian438(78.4)364(75.1)74(100.0)
Veteran51(9.1)51(10.5)0(0.0)
Soldier70(12.5)70(14.4)0(0.0)
Total559(100.0)485(100.0)74(100.0)

Table 2.

Regional distribution of malaria patients, 2019

CategoryTotalIndigenous CaseImported Case
n%n%n%
Seoul100(17.9)72(14.8)28(37.8)
Busan14(2.5)10(2.0)4(5.4)
Daegu2(0.4)2(0.4)0(0.0)
Incheon87(15.6)84(17.3)3(4.1)
Gwangju4(0.7)4(0.8)0(0.0)
Daejeon5(0.9)4(0.8)1(1.4)
Ulsan2(0.4)1(0.2)1(1.4)
Sejong1(0.2)0(0.0)0(0.0)
Gyeonggi294(52.6)270(55.7)24(32.5)
Gangwon15(2.7)15(3.2)0(0.0)
Chungbuk7(1.3)4(0.8)3(4.1)
Chungnam9(1.6)7(1.4)2(2.7)
Jeonbuk3(0.5)2(0.4)1(1.4)
Jeonnam0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)
Gyeongbuk5(0.9)4(0.8)1(1.4)
Gyeongnam8(1.4)4(0.8)4(5.4)
Jeju3(0.5)2(0.4)1(1.4)
Total559(100.0)485(100.0)74(100.0)

Table 3.

Distribution of the presumptive infected region by protozoa of malaria patients from overseas, 2019

CategoryTotalIndigenous casesImported cases
n%n%n%
Plasmodium spp.
P. vivax501(89.6)485(100.0)16(21.6)
P. falciparum57(10.2)0(0.0)57(77.0)
P. malariae0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)
P. ovale1(0.2)0(0.0)1(1.4)
P.knowlesi0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)
Total559(100.0)485(100.0)74(100.0)

Table 4.

Distribution of protozoa for cases of malaria patients from overseas, 2019

lasmodium spp.TotalAfricaAsia
n%n%n%
Total74(100.0)59(100.0)15(100.0)
P. vivax57(77.0)57(96.6)0(0.0)
P. falciparum16(21.6)1(1.7)15(100.0)
P. malariae0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)
P. ovale1(1.4)1(1.7)0(0.0)
P.knowlesi0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)

Figure 2. Trend of number of notified malaria cases, 1993-2019

Figure 3. Current status of occurrence distribution by year and occupational-related malaria (2013-2019)

Figure 4. Current status of occurrence distribution by monthly and occupational-related malaria, 2019

Figure 5. Distribution of the presumptive infected region area and presumptive risk factor of malaria in Korea

References

Sections
  1. Park J-W, Klein TA, Lee H-C, Pacha LA, Ryu S-H, Yeom J-S, et al. Vivax malaria: a continuing health threat to the Republic of Korea. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 2003;69:159-167.
    CrossRef
  2. 질병관리본부. 2020년 말라리아 관리지침 (2020).
    Self
  3. 질병관리본부. 말라리아 재퇴치 5개년 실행계획(2019∼2023년) (2019).

Epidemiology and Surveillance

Public Health Weekly Report 2020; 13(17): 1116-1129

Published online April 23, 2020

Copyright © The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency.

The Malaria Situation and the Results of the Project to Eliminate Malaria, 2019

Kwon Jeong Ran, Jeon Byoung-Hak, Park Kyeongeun, Park Sookkyung, Kim Miyoung, Cho Eun Hee, Lee Hee-Il, Lee Sang-Eun

Division of Control for Zoonotic and vector borne Diseases, Center of Infectious Diseases Control, KCDC; Division of VPD control &NIP, Center of Infectious Diseases Control, KCDC; Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, KCDC

Correspondence to:*교신저자 : km1209@korea.kr, 043-719-7160

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

This paper is a report on the current status of malaria and the results of the “Malaria Re-Elimination Five-Year Action Plan(2019-2023)” developed and implemented in 2019.
Of the 559 malaria confirmed cases reported in 2019, a total of 485(86.8%) were indigenous cases, 74(13.2%) were imported cases. which accounted for 93%(520) of all patients occurring between May and October, 2019. Among the indigenous cases, persumptive infected region were investigated from Gyeonggi province 314(64.7%), Incheon province 98(20.2%), Gangwon Province 25(5.2%) and 48(9.9%) was unknown.
226 persons(46.6%) was aged 20s to 30s; 389(80.2%) were male, 96(19.8%) were female. Of them, 364 cases(75.1%) were civilians and 70 cases(14.4%) were soldiers serving near the demilitarized zone(DMZ), others 51 cases(10.2%) were veterans.
The main goals in 2019 under the five-year plan to eliminate malaria were to add diagnostic criteria for rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases, strengthen patient management by changing the amount of therapeutic agents per weight, and monitor the media through the expansion of each vector control and surveillance and protozoal infection rate. In addition, to expand research and development, the goal was to strengthen control, develop a discrimination diagnosis method for patients with recurrence and long-term incubation period, and conduct research on drug treatment monitoring for patients with malaria. Furthermore, as a result of the project, education and R&D were expanded to strengthen the medical-military cooperation system.

Keywords: Malaria, Elimination, Indigenous case, Import case, Patient management, Vector control and surveillance

Body

Table 1 . General characteristics of confirmed cases by case classification.

CategoryTotalIndigenous caseImported case
n%n%n%
Gender
Male444(79.4)389(80.2)55(74.3)
Female115(20.6)96(19.8)19(25.7)
Age (years)
< 2031(5.5)28(5.8)3(4.1)
20-29169(30.2)155(32.0)14(18.9)
30-3992(16.5)71(14.6)21(28.4)
40-4997(17.4)82(16.9)15(20.3)
50-5984(15.0)69(14.2)15(20.3)
60-6952(9.3)46(9.5)6(8.0)
≥ 7034(6.1)34(7.0)0(0.0)
At risk groups
Civilian438(78.4)364(75.1)74(100.0)
Veteran51(9.1)51(10.5)0(0.0)
Soldier70(12.5)70(14.4)0(0.0)
Total559(100.0)485(100.0)74(100.0)

Table 2 . Regional distribution of malaria patients, 2019.

CategoryTotalIndigenous CaseImported Case
n%n%n%
Seoul100(17.9)72(14.8)28(37.8)
Busan14(2.5)10(2.0)4(5.4)
Daegu2(0.4)2(0.4)0(0.0)
Incheon87(15.6)84(17.3)3(4.1)
Gwangju4(0.7)4(0.8)0(0.0)
Daejeon5(0.9)4(0.8)1(1.4)
Ulsan2(0.4)1(0.2)1(1.4)
Sejong1(0.2)0(0.0)0(0.0)
Gyeonggi294(52.6)270(55.7)24(32.5)
Gangwon15(2.7)15(3.2)0(0.0)
Chungbuk7(1.3)4(0.8)3(4.1)
Chungnam9(1.6)7(1.4)2(2.7)
Jeonbuk3(0.5)2(0.4)1(1.4)
Jeonnam0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)
Gyeongbuk5(0.9)4(0.8)1(1.4)
Gyeongnam8(1.4)4(0.8)4(5.4)
Jeju3(0.5)2(0.4)1(1.4)
Total559(100.0)485(100.0)74(100.0)

Table 3 . Distribution of the presumptive infected region by protozoa of malaria patients from overseas, 2019.

CategoryTotalIndigenous casesImported cases
n%n%n%
Plasmodium spp.
P. vivax501(89.6)485(100.0)16(21.6)
P. falciparum57(10.2)0(0.0)57(77.0)
P. malariae0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)
P. ovale1(0.2)0(0.0)1(1.4)
P.knowlesi0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)
Total559(100.0)485(100.0)74(100.0)

Table 4 . Distribution of protozoa for cases of malaria patients from overseas, 2019.

lasmodium spp.TotalAfricaAsia
n%n%n%
Total74(100.0)59(100.0)15(100.0)
P. vivax57(77.0)57(96.6)0(0.0)
P. falciparum16(21.6)1(1.7)15(100.0)
P. malariae0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)
P. ovale1(1.4)1(1.7)0(0.0)
P.knowlesi0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)

Figure 2. Trend of number of notified malaria cases, 1993-2019

Figure 3. Current status of occurrence distribution by year and occupational-related malaria (2013-2019)

Figure 4. Current status of occurrence distribution by monthly and occupational-related malaria, 2019

Figure 5. Distribution of the presumptive infected region area and presumptive risk factor of malaria in Korea

Fig 1.

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Figure 1.Distribution by age of malaria patients, 2019
Public Health Weekly Report 2020; 13: 1116-1129

Fig 2.

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Figure 2.Trend of number of notified malaria cases, 1993-2019
Public Health Weekly Report 2020; 13: 1116-1129

Fig 3.

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Figure 3.Current status of occurrence distribution by year and occupational-related malaria (2013-2019)
Public Health Weekly Report 2020; 13: 1116-1129

Fig 4.

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Figure 4.Current status of occurrence distribution by monthly and occupational-related malaria, 2019
Public Health Weekly Report 2020; 13: 1116-1129

Fig 5.

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Figure 5.Distribution of the presumptive infected region area and presumptive risk factor of malaria in Korea
Public Health Weekly Report 2020; 13: 1116-1129

Table 1 . General characteristics of confirmed cases by case classification.

CategoryTotalIndigenous caseImported case
n%n%n%
Gender
Male444(79.4)389(80.2)55(74.3)
Female115(20.6)96(19.8)19(25.7)
Age (years)
< 2031(5.5)28(5.8)3(4.1)
20-29169(30.2)155(32.0)14(18.9)
30-3992(16.5)71(14.6)21(28.4)
40-4997(17.4)82(16.9)15(20.3)
50-5984(15.0)69(14.2)15(20.3)
60-6952(9.3)46(9.5)6(8.0)
≥ 7034(6.1)34(7.0)0(0.0)
At risk groups
Civilian438(78.4)364(75.1)74(100.0)
Veteran51(9.1)51(10.5)0(0.0)
Soldier70(12.5)70(14.4)0(0.0)
Total559(100.0)485(100.0)74(100.0)

Table 2 . Regional distribution of malaria patients, 2019.

CategoryTotalIndigenous CaseImported Case
n%n%n%
Seoul100(17.9)72(14.8)28(37.8)
Busan14(2.5)10(2.0)4(5.4)
Daegu2(0.4)2(0.4)0(0.0)
Incheon87(15.6)84(17.3)3(4.1)
Gwangju4(0.7)4(0.8)0(0.0)
Daejeon5(0.9)4(0.8)1(1.4)
Ulsan2(0.4)1(0.2)1(1.4)
Sejong1(0.2)0(0.0)0(0.0)
Gyeonggi294(52.6)270(55.7)24(32.5)
Gangwon15(2.7)15(3.2)0(0.0)
Chungbuk7(1.3)4(0.8)3(4.1)
Chungnam9(1.6)7(1.4)2(2.7)
Jeonbuk3(0.5)2(0.4)1(1.4)
Jeonnam0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)
Gyeongbuk5(0.9)4(0.8)1(1.4)
Gyeongnam8(1.4)4(0.8)4(5.4)
Jeju3(0.5)2(0.4)1(1.4)
Total559(100.0)485(100.0)74(100.0)

Table 3 . Distribution of the presumptive infected region by protozoa of malaria patients from overseas, 2019.

CategoryTotalIndigenous casesImported cases
n%n%n%
Plasmodium spp.
P. vivax501(89.6)485(100.0)16(21.6)
P. falciparum57(10.2)0(0.0)57(77.0)
P. malariae0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)
P. ovale1(0.2)0(0.0)1(1.4)
P.knowlesi0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)
Total559(100.0)485(100.0)74(100.0)

Table 4 . Distribution of protozoa for cases of malaria patients from overseas, 2019.

lasmodium spp.TotalAfricaAsia
n%n%n%
Total74(100.0)59(100.0)15(100.0)
P. vivax57(77.0)57(96.6)0(0.0)
P. falciparum16(21.6)1(1.7)15(100.0)
P. malariae0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)
P. ovale1(1.4)1(1.7)0(0.0)
P.knowlesi0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)

References

  1. Park J-W, Klein TA, Lee H-C, Pacha LA, Ryu S-H, Yeom J-S, et al. Vivax malaria: a continuing health threat to the Republic of Korea. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 2003;69:159-167.
    CrossRef
  2. 질병관리본부. 2020년 말라리아 관리지침 (2020).
    Self
  3. 질병관리본부. 말라리아 재퇴치 5개년 실행계획(2019∼2023년) (2019).

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