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Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15(36): 2529-2537

Published online September 8, 2022

https://doi.org/10.56786/PHWR.2022.15.36.2529

© The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency

Prevention and Management of Hypertension in Young Adults with Hypertension

Mi-Hyang Jung*

The Korean Society of Hypertension, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea

*Corresponding author: Mi-Hyang Jung, Tel: +82-2-2258-1128, E-mail: floria0515@gmail.com

Received: August 12, 2022; Revised: August 16, 2022; Accepted: August 16, 2022

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Sections

The prevalence of hypertension is increasing worldwide due to obesity, lack of physical activity, and increased salt intake. Since hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, proactive prevention, early diagnosis, and management are essential. However, due to Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), physical activity has decreased, and many people frequently eat delivered food and do not visit the hospital due to concerns about COVID-19 infection. Therefore, managing chronic diseases, including high blood pressure, has been more difficult than ever. Although the risk of hypertension in young adults is considerable, diagnosis and management of hypertension in these populations have not been achieved much attention. The present study aimed to discuss the current status of hypertension control, the risk of hypertension, and the prevention and management strategy of hypertension among young adult patients with hypertension.

Key words Hypertension; Chronic disease; Self-management

Sections
Figure 1. Awareness rate and treatment rate in young adults. Data source: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1998–2018.

Figure 2. The relationship between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and risk of death from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in each age group.

Figure 3. Target organ damage due to high blood pressure. ESRD=end-stage renal disease; LVH=left ventricular hypertrophy.

Figure 4. Trends in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Data source: Korea National Health Insurance Big Data 2005–2019. *Directly age-standardized to the 2019 childbearing women.

References

Sections
  1. Hinton TC, Adams ZH, Baker RP, et al. Investigation and treatment of high blood pressure in young people: too much medicine or appropriate risk reduction?. Hypertension 2020;75:16-22.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  2. Xie X, Atkins E, Lv J, et al. Effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on cardiovascular and renal outcomes: updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2016;387:435-43.
    CrossRef
  3. Kim HC, Cho SMJ, Lee H, Lee HH, Baek J, Heo JE; Korean Society of Hypertension (KSH) - Hypertension Epidemiology Research Working Group. Korea hypertension fact sheet 2020: analysis of nationwide population-based data. Clin Hypertens 2021;27:8. Erratum in: Clin Hypertens 2021;27:10.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  4. Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. [Press Release (April 27 2022)].
    Available from: https://www.kdca.go.kr/board/board.es?mid=a20501010000&bid=0015&list_no=719398&cg_code=&act=view&nPage=26
  5. Jin SH. The change in physical activity among Daegu resident due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Korean Public Health Res 2022;48:87-98.
  6. Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R; Prospective Studies Collaboration. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet 2002;360:1903-13. Erratum in: Lancet 2003;361:1060.
    CrossRef
  7. Jung MH, Yi SW, An SJ, Yi JJ. Age-specific associations between systolic blood pressure and cardiovascular mortality. Heart 2019;105:1070-7.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  8. Lee H, Yano Y, Cho SMJ, et al. Cardiovascular risk of isolated systolic or diastolic hypertension in young adults. Circulation 2020;141:1778-86.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  9. Lee H, Yano Y, Cho SMJ, et al. Adherence to antihypertensive medication and incident cardiovascular events in young adults with hypertension. Hypertension 2021;77:1341-9.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  10. Kim HC, Lee H, Lee HH, et al; Korean Society of Hypertension (KSH)-Hypertension Epidemiology Research Working Group; . Korea hypertension fact sheet 2021: analysis of nationwide population-based data with special focus on hypertension in women. Clin Hypertens 2022;28:1.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef

Review & Perspective

Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15(36): 2529-2537

Published online September 8, 2022 https://doi.org/10.56786/PHWR.2022.15.36.2529

Copyright © The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency.

Prevention and Management of Hypertension in Young Adults with Hypertension

Mi-Hyang Jung*

The Korean Society of Hypertension, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea

Correspondence to:*Corresponding author: Mi-Hyang Jung, Tel: +82-2-2258-1128, E-mail: floria0515@gmail.com

Received: August 12, 2022; Revised: August 16, 2022; Accepted: August 16, 2022

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The prevalence of hypertension is increasing worldwide due to obesity, lack of physical activity, and increased salt intake. Since hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, proactive prevention, early diagnosis, and management are essential. However, due to Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), physical activity has decreased, and many people frequently eat delivered food and do not visit the hospital due to concerns about COVID-19 infection. Therefore, managing chronic diseases, including high blood pressure, has been more difficult than ever. Although the risk of hypertension in young adults is considerable, diagnosis and management of hypertension in these populations have not been achieved much attention. The present study aimed to discuss the current status of hypertension control, the risk of hypertension, and the prevention and management strategy of hypertension among young adult patients with hypertension.

Keywords: Hypertension, Chronic disease, Self-management

Body

Figure 1. Awareness rate and treatment rate in young adults. Data source: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1998–2018.

Figure 2. The relationship between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and risk of death from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in each age group.

Figure 3. Target organ damage due to high blood pressure. ESRD=end-stage renal disease; LVH=left ventricular hypertrophy.

Figure 4. Trends in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Data source: Korea National Health Insurance Big Data 2005–2019. *Directly age-standardized to the 2019 childbearing women.

Fig 1.

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Figure 1.Awareness rate and treatment rate in young adults. Data source: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1998–2018.
Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15: 2529-2537https://doi.org/10.56786/PHWR.2022.15.36.2529

Fig 2.

Download
Figure 2.The relationship between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and risk of death from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in each age group.
Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15: 2529-2537https://doi.org/10.56786/PHWR.2022.15.36.2529

Fig 3.

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Figure 3.Target organ damage due to high blood pressure. ESRD=end-stage renal disease; LVH=left ventricular hypertrophy.
Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15: 2529-2537https://doi.org/10.56786/PHWR.2022.15.36.2529

Fig 4.

Download
Figure 4.Trends in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Data source: Korea National Health Insurance Big Data 2005–2019. *Directly age-standardized to the 2019 childbearing women.
Public Health Weekly Report 2022; 15: 2529-2537https://doi.org/10.56786/PHWR.2022.15.36.2529

References

  1. Hinton TC, Adams ZH, Baker RP, et al. Investigation and treatment of high blood pressure in young people: too much medicine or appropriate risk reduction?. Hypertension 2020;75:16-22.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  2. Xie X, Atkins E, Lv J, et al. Effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on cardiovascular and renal outcomes: updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2016;387:435-43.
    CrossRef
  3. Kim HC, Cho SMJ, Lee H, Lee HH, Baek J, Heo JE; Korean Society of Hypertension (KSH) - Hypertension Epidemiology Research Working Group. Korea hypertension fact sheet 2020: analysis of nationwide population-based data. Clin Hypertens 2021;27:8. Erratum in: Clin Hypertens 2021;27:10.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  4. Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. [Press Release (April 27 2022)]. Available from: https://www.kdca.go.kr/board/board.es?mid=a20501010000&bid=0015&list_no=719398&cg_code=&act=view&nPage=26
  5. Jin SH. The change in physical activity among Daegu resident due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Korean Public Health Res 2022;48:87-98.
  6. Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R; Prospective Studies Collaboration. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet 2002;360:1903-13. Erratum in: Lancet 2003;361:1060.
    CrossRef
  7. Jung MH, Yi SW, An SJ, Yi JJ. Age-specific associations between systolic blood pressure and cardiovascular mortality. Heart 2019;105:1070-7.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  8. Lee H, Yano Y, Cho SMJ, et al. Cardiovascular risk of isolated systolic or diastolic hypertension in young adults. Circulation 2020;141:1778-86.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  9. Lee H, Yano Y, Cho SMJ, et al. Adherence to antihypertensive medication and incident cardiovascular events in young adults with hypertension. Hypertension 2021;77:1341-9.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  10. Kim HC, Lee H, Lee HH, et al; Korean Society of Hypertension (KSH)-Hypertension Epidemiology Research Working Group; . Korea hypertension fact sheet 2021: analysis of nationwide population-based data with special focus on hypertension in women. Clin Hypertens 2022;28:1.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef

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